搭建域名服务器。

1. 搭建域名服务器

可以直接在服务器安装BIND 9软件,BIND介绍摘自维基百科:

BIND (/ˈbaɪnd/) is a suite of software for interacting with the Domain Name System (DNS). Its most prominent component, named (pronounced /ˈneɪmdiː/, short for name daemon), performs both of the main DNS server roles, acting as an authoritative name server for DNS zones and as a recursive resolver in the network.

安装BIND 9,

sudo apt-get install bind9

修改/etc/named.conf配置文件。需要将服务器的DNS服务器设为服务器的IP地址?

重启named服务,

service bind9 start

service bind9 restart

2. 设置DNS服务器

接下来,其他机器的DNS服务器设为该服务器的IP地址。

2.1 Windows

控制面板 --> 网络和 Internet --> 网络和共享中心 --> 更改适配器设置 --> 右击网络图标 --> 属性,可以手动设置,也可以自动获取,如下图所示:

image-20230404155947661

2.2 Linux

编辑/etc/resolv.conf文件,nameserver指定DNS服务器。

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
# 127.0.0.53 is the systemd-resolved stub resolver.
# run "systemd-resolve --status" to see details about the actual nameservers.

nameserver 127.0.0.53
options timeout:2 attempts:3 rotate single-request-reopen

3. 怎么知道根域名服务器

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, 互联网名称与数字地址分配机构)负责维护根域名服务器信息,文件在这里:https://www.internic.net/domain/named.root。部分内容如下:

;       This file holds the information on root name servers needed to 
;       initialize cache of Internet domain name servers
;       (e.g. reference this file in the "cache  .  <file>"
;       configuration file of BIND domain name servers). 
; 
;       This file is made available by InterNIC 
;       under anonymous FTP as
;           file                /domain/named.cache 
;           on server           FTP.INTERNIC.NET
;       -OR-                    RS.INTERNIC.NET
;
;       last update:     March 29, 2023
;       related version of root zone:     2023032901
; 
; FORMERLY NS.INTERNIC.NET 
;
.                        3600000      NS    A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     198.41.0.4
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:503:ba3e::2:30
; 
; FORMERLY NS1.ISI.EDU 
;

注:1998年9月18日以前,根域名服务器信息是由互联网络信息中心(Internet Network Information Center, InterNIC)负责。

BIND 9将根域名服务器信息存放在/var/named/named.ca,文件的内容实为上述named.root的内容。

本文系Spark & Shine原创,转载需注明出处本文最近一次修改时间 2023-04-04 18:52

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